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    08 April

    雅典的民主

    古希腊主要的文明有希腊大陆的Helladic文明,爱琴海小岛的Cycladic文明和克里特岛的Minoan文明(米诺斯文明)。两年前去雅典的时候就想去一个关于Cycladic文明的博物馆,但是当时关门了,这次终于又有机会去看一下,还是相当不错的。

    整个博物馆大多数是介绍Cycladic文明的一些遗物,包括大理石雕刻、陶器和青铜器。我觉得最有意思的是博物馆的顶楼通过一些图文说明展示了当时普通人生活的各个方面。我也因此重新学到了一些词的来源:

    • athlete:源自希腊语"athlos",意思是"为了奖品而竞争" - "contest for a prize"。好像跟奥林匹克精神也不是完全一致……

    • copper:源自拉丁短语"Cyprium aes"(意思是"塞浦路斯的金属" - "metal of Cyprus"),因为公元前3000~4000年,塞浦路斯有丰富的铜矿。

    • Ostracism:Wikipedia翻译是"陶片放逐制"。大约公元前5世纪,为了避免民主演变成任何可能的独裁,每年大家都会聚众投票。投票人把把对城市有威胁的人的名字写在一个"ostraka"(一个陶片或者石头)上。如果谁取得了最多的票数,就会被放逐10年。为了保护民主也真算是用心良苦。

    • symposium:源自希腊语"symposion""意思是"聚众畅饮" - "communal drinking"。当时的此类聚会主要以喝酒、吃肉、聊天、唱歌为主,讨论哲学、政治、作诗、色情娱乐("to amuse themselves with erotic games")为辅。想想现在的学术symposium是不是有点本末倒置了:P

    另外,在机场还看到关于雅典的旅游广告说雅典是民主的发源地,具体就诞生在Acropolis(卫城)西北部的"Agora"(意思"聚会的地方" - "a place of gathering"),至今已经有2600年的历史了。不过我们在雅典的这几天,市中心游行不断,警察骑着摩托在大街小巷穿梭,财政部大楼门前搭着示威者的帐篷,防爆警察戴着头盔拿着盾牌列队,楼房各种玻璃被砸,…… 雅典的民主给人的最大感觉好像并不是平等而是不安。回想一下2500年前的陶片放逐制,看来建立民主不是最难的,而如何小心呵护才是。

    Comments (3)

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    Chen Luwrote:
    本末倒置? 我怎么觉着国内有些个symposium正在逐步回归这事儿本源的面目呢 :P
    12 Apr.
    Rui Wangwrote:
    之前是旅游,去雅典是开会:)
    8 Apr.
    weiwrote:
    你为啥最近一直在旅游?
    8 Apr.

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